Dr. Memon began by explaining the concept of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and its fundamental characteristics such as the long-term nature of contracts, risk-allocation, performance-related criteria, and private financing. He specifically discussed common risks associated with PPP. which included, among others, financing risk, construction/design risks, operating risks, market and revenue risks, legal risks, political risks, and economic risks. He also explained various rationales for why PPP is adopted. He then explained the history of PPP in Pakistan, noting that Sindh enacted the country's first PPP Act in 2010. He then discussed Methods of PPP such as Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT), Design-Build-Finance-Operate (DBFO), Joint Ventures (JV), Service Contracts, Management Contracts, etc. He also explained the modalities of PPP, focusing on financial and regulatory & institutional modalities. De. Memon then explained various benefits of PPP such as mobilizing private investment, improving efficiency, risk sharing, improving service quality, faster project delivery, cost effectiveness, and access to technology and innovation. PPP. however, can have many pitfalls such as lack of transparency, complexity, frequent contract renegotiations, long term commitments and private parties ability to profit at public's expense.

The presentation was followed by a question & answer session during which many perceptive questions were asked and ably responded to by the speaker. In the third session, the class was divided into four groups and each group was given an exercise to draft a PPP contract according to the parameters provided by the guest speaker. The document prepared by each group was presented by one group representative.