On Monday, 3^rd February, 2026, the National Institute of Public Administration (NIPA), Lahore, organised a panel discussion titled “National Security of Pakistan – Internal and External Dynamics” for the participants of the 39^th Senior Management Course (SMC). The distinguished panellists include Lt. Gen. (R) Sadiq Ali and Mr. Shaukat Javed, former Inspector General of Police.

Lt. Gen. Sadiq Ali noted that the world is undergoing a fundamental transition. He observed that recent events after May 2025 have reshaped regional dynamics and added new layers of uncertainty. He pointed out that Pakistan’s National Security Policy has traditionally been viewed through a military lens, while internal challenges such as political instability, economic vulnerabilities, persistent terrorism, and non-traditional threats require equal attention. On the external front, he identified India-Pakistan rivalry and transnational militancy as major concerns, with external actors often exploiting internal fault lines.

Mr. Shaukat Javed focused on the state response to national security challenges and its limitations. He identified the absence of a holistic plan, weak counter-narratives, overreliance on rhetoric and symbolism, lack of coordination, and neglect of the non-kinetic domain as key gaps. He argued that counter terrorism efforts, though guided by frameworks such as the National Action Plan and National Security Policy, remain fragmented. He advocated a greater role for the police, supported by allied agencies, and stressed the need for integrated implementation and stronger institutions.

Both panellists agreed that safeguarding Pakistan’s national interests requires a holistic and inclusive approach, with greater investment in human security alongside conventional defence capabilities.

The panel discussion was followed by an intensive Q&A session.